Figure 4. Cumulative rhythmic activity across an 8-measure span

a. Nelson González (tres), “Duet I/Temporal” (qn = 123 bpm). The clusters of eighth-notes at θ = 0, π indicate extreme syncopation.
Source: The Conga Kings, The Conga Kings, Chesky Records JD 193.

b. Jaco Pastorious (fretless bass), “Donna Lee” (qn = 109 bpm). Here most of the action revolves around the steady eighteenth-note.
Source: Jaco Pastorious, Jaco Pastorious, Epic EK 33949.