1. These include New Music Composition (New York: Schirmer Books, 1976), New Music Notation (Dubuque, IA: Kendall-Hunt, 1976), and New Directions in Music (Dubuque, IA: W.C. Brown, 1976; 6th ed., 1993).

2. David Cope, Techniques of the Contemporary Composer (New York: Schirmer Books, 1997), xi.

3. Henry Cowell, New Musical Resources (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1930).

4. Several of the music examples are also available in standard MIDI file format and can be downloaded from Cope's Internet site at UC Santa Cruz.

5. David Cope, Techniques of the Contemporary Composer, 78-80. This chart can also be found in Allen Forte's The Structure of Atonal Music (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973), and Joseph Straus's Introduction to Post-Tonal Theory (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1990).

6. Cope, Techniques of the Contemporary Composer, 101.

7. Cope, Techniques of the Contemporary Composer, xi. Cope cites this as one of three basic concepts central to the book.

8. Cope, Techniques of the Contemporary Composer, xiii.

9. Bruno Bartolozzi, New Sounds for Woodwinds (London: Oxford University Press, 1967). By the way, in this chapter, as well as in the bibliography, Cope neglects to cite the predominant source on flute multiphonic practice, Robert Dick's The Other Flute: A Performance Manual of Contemporary Techniques (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1975)

End of Footnotes