Alan Dodson, "Performance and Hypermetric Transformation"

[8] Appendix 3.  Quantitative Performance Analyses

[8.1] Mozart/Britten, I, mm. 1-20

In this and the following tables, TF = tempo fluctuation, a comparison between the local tempo and the average tempo.

 m.bt.  onset   IOI     M.M.    TF(%)  IOI chg. (%), vs. previous
        (s)     (ms)    (bpm)           downbeat         beat   
_________________________________________________________________
 1.1     0      585     102      -5.4    N/A              N/A
 1.2     0.585  623      96.3   -11.2                     6.5
 2.1     1.208  550     109.1     0.6   -6.0            -11.7
 2.2     1.758  589     101.9    -6.0                     7.1
 3.1     2.347  531     113.0     4.2   -3.5             -9.8	
 3.2     2.878  550     109.1     0.6                     3.6	
 4.1     3.428  560     107.1    -1.2    5.5              1.8
 4.2     3.988  511     117.4     8.3                    -8.8
 5.1     4.499  589     101.9    -6.0    5.2             15.2
 5.2     5.088  566     106.0    -2.2                    -3.9
 6.1     5.654  524     114.5     5.6  -11.0             -7.4
 6.2     6.178  557     107.7    -0.6                     6.3
 7.1     6.735  633      94.8   -12.6   20.8             13.6
 7.2     7.368  499     120.2    10.9                   -21.2
 8.1     7.867  547     109.7     1.2  -13.6              9.6
 8.2     8.414  528     113.6     4.8                    -3.5
 9.1     8.942  575     104.3    -3.7    5.1              8.9
 9.2     9.517  550     109.1     0.6                    -4.3
10.1    10.067  490     122.5    13.0  -14.8            -10.9
10.2    10.557  540     111.1     2.5                    10.2
11.1    11.097  643      93.3   -13.9   31.2             19.1
11.2    11.740  493     121.7    12.3                   -23.3
12.1    12.233  485     123.7    14.1  -24.6             -1.6
12.2    12.718  557     107.7    -0.6                    14.8
13.1    13.275  541     110.9     2.3   11.5             -2.9
13.2    13.816  540     111.1     2.5                    -0.2
14.1    14.356  557     107.7    -0.6    3.0              3.1
14.2    14.913  569     105.4    -2.7                     2.2
15.1    15.482  544     110.3     1.7   -2.3             -4.4
15.2    16.026  572     104.9    -3.2                     5.1
16.1    16.598  557     107.7    -0.6    2.4             -2.6
16.2    17.155  627      95.7   -11.7                    12.6
17.1    17.782  524     114.5     5.6   -5.9            -16.4
17.2    18.306  589     101.9    -6.0                    12.4
18.1    18.895  572     104.9    -3.2    9.2             -2.9
18.2    19.467  531     113.0     4.2                    -7.2
19.1    19.998  547     109.7     1.2   -4.4              3.0
19.2    20.545  541     110.9     2.3                    -1.1
20.1    21.086  588     102.0    -5.9    7.5              8.7
(20.2)  21.674	
 m.bt     PSL                intensity change (dB), vs. previous	
       (dB_ESL_)   odd downbeat   even downbeat     downbeat       beat	
________________________________________________________________________
 1.1    -26.4      N/A (10)                         N/A (20)
 1.2    -29.4                                                      -3.1
 2.1    -20.3                      N/A (10)         6.0 (19)        9.1
 2.2    -19.8                                                       0.6
 3.1    -17.8      8.6 (9)                          2.5 (14)        2.0
 3.2    -22.7                                                      -4.9
 4.1    -19.4                      0.9 (9)         -1.6 (18)        3.3
 4.2    -22.2                                                      -2.8
 5.1    -17.0      0.8 (6)                          2.4 (9)         5.2
 5.2    -25.1                                                      -8.1
 6.1    -17.6                      1.8 (5)         -0.6 (13)        7.5
 6.2    -13.5                                                       4.2
 7.1    -12.4      4.6 (3)                          5.3 (5)         1.1
 7.2    -21.1                                                      -8.7
 8.1    -19.1                     -1.5 (8)         -6.8 (17)        2.0
 8.2    -20.8                                                      -1.6
 9.1    -17.6     -5.2 (8)                          1.5 (12)        3.2
 9.2    -27.6                                                     -10.0
10.1    -17.9                      1.2 (6)         -0.3 (15)        9.7
10.2    -18.3                                                      -0.4
11.1    -17.1      0.5 (7)                          0.8 (10)        1.2
11.2    -20.3                                                      -3.2
12.1    -17.4                      0.5 (4)         -0.3 (11)        2.9
12.2    -14.5                                                       2.9
13.1    -16.5      0.6 (5)                          0.9 (8)        -2.0
13.2    -11.0                                                       5.5
14.1    -12.7                      4.7 (3)          3.8 (6)        -1.7
14.2     -9.9                                                       2.7
15.1    -12.8      3.7 (4)                         -0.1 (7)        -2.8
15.2    -13.4                                                      -0.7
16.1    -18.8                     -6.1 (7)         -6.0 (16)       -5.3
16.2     -2.1                                                      16.6
17.1     -0.8     12.0 (1)                         18.0 (3)         1.3
17.2     -1.0                                                      -0.2
18.1     -0.6                     18.1 (2)          0.2 (2)         0.4
18.2     -2.1                                                      -1.5
19.1     -2.4     -1.5 (2)                         -1.6 (4)        -0.3
19.2     -3.4                                                      -1.0
20.1      0                        0.6 (1)          2.3 (1)         3.4

[b] Mozart/Marriner, I, mm. 1-20

There is an interesting contrapuntal-temporal effect in this performance. In mm. 1-11, where the melody has a rest on the second beat of each odd-numbered measure, the bass articulates the beat later than expected, but nevertheless the ensuing melody note comes in "on time." Values shown are estimates of the virtual melody onset, an approximation based on the onsets of the second and fourth quarter-note subdivisions of these measures. The bass onsets for these beats are, respectively:  0.564, 2.956, 5.028, 7.283, 9.415, and 11.729 s. PSLs here are based on bass onsets, but IOIs are based on the virtual melody onsets.

 m.bt.  onset   IOI     M.M.    TF(%)  IOI chg. (%), vs. previous
        (s)     (ms)    (bpm)          downbeat          beat   
_________________________________________________________________
 1.1     0      573     104.7   -4.2     N/A              N/A
 1.2     0.573  562     106.8   -2.3                     -1.9  
 2.1     1.135  558     107.5   -1.6    -2.6             -0.7
 2.2     1.693  609      98.5   -9.9                      9.1
 3.1     2.302  482     124.5   13.9   -13.6            -20.9
 3.2     2.784  592     101.4   -7.3                     22.8
 4.1     3.376  558     107.5   -1.6    15.8             -5.7
 4.2     3.934  510     117.6    7.6                     -8.6
 5.1     4.444  626      95.8  -12.3    12.2             22.7
 5.2     5.070  542     110.7    1.3                    -13.4
 6.1     5.612  548     109.5    0.2   -12.5              1.1
 6.2     6.160  539     111.3    1.8                     -1.6
 7.1     6.699  555     108.1   -1.1     1.3              3.0
 7.2     7.254  527     113.9    4.2                     -5.0
 8.1     7.781  539     111.3    1.8    -2.9              2.3
 8.2     8.320  575     104.3   -4.5                      6.7
 9.1     8.895  555     108.1   -1.1     3.0             -3.5
 9.2     9.450  552     108.7   -0.6                     -0.5
10.1    10.002  549     109.3    0.0    -1.1             -0.5
10.2    10.551  488     123.0   12.5                    -11.1
11.1    11.039  659      91.0  -16.7    20.0             35.0
11.2    11.698  519     115.6    5.8                    -21.2
12.1    12.217  533     112.6    3.0   -19.1              2.7
12.2    12.750  523     114.7    5.0                     -1.9
13.1    13.273  591     101.5   -7.1    10.9             13.0
13.2    13.864  513     117.0    7.0                    -13.2
14.1    14.377  584     102.7   -6.0    -1.2             13.8
14.2    14.961  539     111.3    1.8                     -7.7
15.1    15.500  639      93.9  -14.1     9.4             18.6
15.2    16.139  725      82.8  -24.2                     13.5
16.1    16.864  398     150.8   37.9   -37.3            -45.1
16.2    17.282  580     103.4   -5.4                     45.7
17.1    17.842  564     106.4   -2.7    41.7             -2.8
17.2    18.406  597     100.5   -8.0                      5.9
18.1    19.003  533     112.6    3.0    -5.5            -10.7
18.2    19.536  553     108.5   -0.7                      3.8
19.1    20.089  535     112.1    2.6     0.4             -3.3
19.2    20.624  562     106.8   -2.3                      5.0
20.1    21.186  569     105.4   -3.5     6.4              1.2
(20.2)  21.75
 m.bt     PSL                intensity change (dB), vs. previous	
       (dB_ESL_)   odd downbeat   even downbeat     downbeat       beat	
________________________________________________________________________
 1.1    -24.3        N/A (10)                       N/A (20)       N/A
 1.2    -26.6                                                     -2.3
 2.1    -20.0                       N/A (9)         4.3 (17)       6.6
 2.2    -14.9                                                      5.1
 3.1    -14.7        9.6 (6)                        5.3 (9)        0.2
 3.2    -26.5                                                    -11.8
 4.1    -18.2                       1.8 (6)        -3.5 (13)       8.3
 4.2    -22.1                                                     -3.9
 5.1    -20.0       -5.3 (8)                       -1.8 (16)       2.1
 5.2    -29.0                                                     -9.0
 6.1    -16.5                       1.8 (5)         3.5 (12)      12.5
 6.2    -13.7                                                      2.8
 7.1     -9.5       10.5 (4)                        7.1 (6)        4.2
 7.2    -18.1                                                     -8.6
 8.1    -18.9                      -2.4 (8)        -9.5 (15)      -0.9
 8.2    -19.7                                                     -0.7
 9.1    -22.7      -13.2 (9)                       -3.8 (19)      -3.0
 9.2    -28.4                                                     -5.7
10.1    -20.2                      -1.2 (10)        2.5 (18)       8.2
10.2    -15.2                                                      5.0
11.1    -15.1        7.6 (7)                        5.0 (10)       0.1
11.2    -22.2                                                     -7.0
12.1    -18.2                       3.1 (7)        -3.1 (14)       3.9
12.2    -15.8                                                      2.4
13.1    -13.6        1.5 (5)                        4.6 (7)        2.2
13.2    -12.5                                                      1.1
14.1    -14.3                       8.2 (3)        -0.7 (8)       -1.8
14.2     -8.8                                                      5.5
15.1     -5.5        8.1 (3)                        8.8 (5)        3.2
15.2     -8.6                                                     -3.1
16.1    -15.7                      -5.7 (4)       -10.2 (11)      -7.1
16.2     -5.1                                                     10.6
17.1      0          5.5 (1)                       15.7 (1)        5.1
17.2     -3.0                                                     -3.0
18.1     -1.5                      14.2 (1)        -1.5 (2)        1.4
18.2     -4.3                                                     -2.8
19.1     -3.2       -3.2 (2)                       -1.7 (4)        1.0
19.2     -2.0                                                      1.2
20.1     -1.7                      -0.1 (2)         1.6 (3)        0.3

[c] Mozart/Walter, I, mm. 1-20

 m.bt.  onset   IOI     M.M.    TF(%)  IOI chg. (%), vs. previous
        (s)     (ms)    (bpm)          downbeat          beat   
_________________________________________________________________
 1.1     0      725     82.8   -10.8      N/A            N/A
 1.2     0.725  672     89.3    -3.8                    -7.3
 2.1     1.397  592    101.4     9.2    -18.3          -11.9
 2.2     1.989  666     90.1    -2.9                    12.5
 3.1     2.655  652     92.0    -0.8     10.1           -2.1
 3.2     3.307  627     95.7     3.1                    -3.8
 4.1     3.934  599    100.2     7.9     -8.1           -4.5
 4.2     4.533  625     96.0     3.4                     4.3
 5.1     5.158  609     98.5     6.2      1.7           -2.6
 5.2     5.767  631     95.1     2.5                     3.6
 6.1     6.398  579    103.6    11.7     -4.9           -8.2
 6.2     6.977  605     99.2     6.9                     4.5
 7.1     7.582  755     79.5   -14.4     30.4           24.8
 7.2     8.337  540    111.1    19.7                   -28.5
 8.1     8.877  601     99.8     7.6    -20.4           11.3
 8.2     9.478  620     96.8     4.3                     3.2
 9.1    10.098  591    101.5     9.4     -1.7           -4.7
 9.2    10.689  682     88.0    -5.2                    15.4
10.1    11.371  645     93.0     0.2      9.1           -5.4
10.2    12.016  609     98.5     6.2                    -5.6
11.1    12.625  711     84.4    -9.1     10.2           16.7
11.2    13.336  627     95.7     3.1                   -11.8
12.1    13.963  630     95.2     2.6    -11.4            0.5
12.2    14.593  591    101.5     9.4                    -6.2
13.1    15.184  685     87.6    -5.6      8.7           15.9
13.2    15.869  649     92.4    -0.4                    -5.3
14.1    16.518  678     88.5    -4.6     -1.0            4.5
14.2    17.196  602     99.7     7.4                   -11.2
15.1    17.798  638     94.0     1.3     -5.9            6.0
15.2    18.436  682     88.0    -5.2                     6.9
16.1    19.118  629     95.4     2.8     -1.4           -7.8
16.2    19.747  625     96.0     3.4                    -0.6
17.1    20.372  616     97.4     5.0     -2.1           -1.4
17.2    20.988  664     90.4    -2.6                     7.8
18.1    21.652  616     97.4     5.0      0             -7.2
18.2    22.268  634     94.6     2.0                     2.9
19.1    22.902  620     96.8     4.3      0.6           -2.2
19.2    23.522  605     99.2     6.9                    -2.4
20.1    24.127  580    103.4    11.5     -6.5           -4.1
(20.2)  24.707
 m.bt     PSL                intensity change (dB), vs. previous	
       (dB_ESL_)   odd downbeat   even downbeat     downbeat       beat	
________________________________________________________________________
 1.1    -20.8        N/A (10)                       N/A (20)        N/A	
 1.2    -20.8                                                      -0.1
 2.1    -12.7                         N/A (7)       8.1 (13)        8.2
 2.2    -13.8                                                      -1.2
 3.1     -9.1        11.7 (5)                       3.4 (7)         4.8
 3.2    -20.7                                                     -11.6
 4.1    -13.7                        -1.0 (8)      -4.6 (14)        7.0
 4.2    -19.6                                                      -5.9
 5.1    -15.8        -6.7 (9)                      -2.1 (18)        3.8
 5.2    -21.9                                                      -6.1
 6.1    -11.3                         2.4 (5)       4.4 (11)       10.6
 6.2     -9.3                                                       2.0
 7.1     -6.2         9.6 (3)                       5.1 (5)         3.1
 7.2    -19.4                                                     -13.2
 8.1    -16.7                        -5.4 (10)    -10.5 (19)        2.6
 8.2    -18.8                                                      -2.1
 9.1    -15.7        -9.5 (8)                       1.0 (17)        3.1
 9.2    -24.0                                                      -8.2
10.1    -14.7                         2.1 (9)       1.1 (15)        9.3
10.2    -15.4                                                      -0.8
11.1    -14.9         0.8 (7)                      -0.2 (16)        0.5
11.2    -20.2                                                      -5.3
12.1    -10.7                         4.0 (3)       4.2 (9)         9.5
12.2    -14.1                                                      -3.4
13.1     -9.5         5.4 (6)                       1.2 (8)         4.6
13.2     -8.1                                                       1.4
14.1    -11.9                        -1.2 (6)      -2.5 (12)       -3.8
14.2     -6.4                                                       5.6
15.1     -7.2         2.3 (4)                       4.8 (6)        -0.8
15.2     -6.2                                                       1.0
16.1    -11.0                         1.0 (4)      -3.8 (10)       -4.8
16.2     -4.0                                                       7.0
17.1     -1.6         5.6 (2)                       9.4 (4)         2.4
17.2     -1.5                                                       0.1
18.1     -1.2                         9.8 (2)       0.4 (2)         0.3
18.2     -2.5                                                      -1.3
19.1     -1.4         0.2 (1)                      -0.2 (3)         1.1
19.2     -3.9                                                      -2.5
20.1      0                           1.2 (1)       1.4 (1)         3.9

[d] Mozart/Bernstein, I, mm. 1-20

 m.bt.  onset   IOI     M.M.    TF(%)  IOI chg. (%), vs. previous
        (s)     (ms)    (bpm)          downbeat          beat   
_________________________________________________________________
 1.1     0      718     83.6   -11.5     N/A             N/A
 1.2     0.718  727     82.5   -12.6                     1.3
 2.1     1.445  635     94.5     0.1   -11.6           -12.7
 2.2     2.080  606     99.0     4.9                    -4.6
 3.1     2.686  642     93.5    -1.0     1.1             5.9
 3.2     3.328  624     96.2     1.9                    -2.8
 4.1     3.952  624     96.2     1.9    -2.8             0
 4.2     4.576  635     94.5     0.1                     1.8
 5.1     5.211  690     87.0    -7.9    10.6             8.7
 5.2     5.901  631     95.1     0.7                    -8.6
 6.1     6.532  642     93.5    -1.0    -7.0             1.7
 6.2     7.174  617     97.2     3.0                    -3.9
 7.1     7.791  686     87.5    -7.3     6.9            11.2
 7.2     8.477  580    103.4     9.6                   -15.5
 8.1     9.057  635     94.5     0.1    -7.4             9.5
 8.2     9.692  620     96.8     2.5                    -2.4
 9.1    10.312  642     93.5    -1.0     1.1             3.5
 9.2    10.954  590    101.7     7.7                    -8.1
10.1    11.544  665     90.2    -4.4     3.6            12.7
10.2    12.209  616     97.4     3.2                    -7.4
11.1    12.825  668     89.8    -4.9     0.5             8.4
11.2    13.493  676     88.8    -6.0                     1.2
12.1    14.169  536    111.9    18.6   -19.8           -20.7
12.2    14.705  623     96.3     2.0                    16.2
13.1    15.328  664     90.4    -4.3    23.9             6.6
13.2    15.992  639     93.9    -0.5                    -3.8
14.1    16.631  631     95.1     0.7    -5.0            -1.3
14.2    17.262  635     94.5     0.1                     0.6
15.1    17.897  606     99.0     4.9    -4.0            -4.6
15.2    18.503  698     86.0    -8.9                    15.2
16.1    19.201  618     97.1     2.8     2.0           -11.5
16.2    19.819  683     87.8    -6.9                    10.5
17.1    20.502  576    104.2    10.3    -6.8           -15.7
17.2    21.078  617     97.2     3.0                     7.1
18.1    21.695  646     92.9    -1.6    12.2             4.7
18.2    22.341  602     99.7     5.6                    -6.8
19.1    22.943  602     99.7     5.6    -6.8             0
19.2    23.545  624     96.2     1.9                     3.7
20.1    24.169  727     82.5   -12.6    20.8            16.5
(20.2)  24.896									
 m.bt     PSL                intensity change (dB), vs. previous	
       (dB_ESL_)   odd downbeat   even downbeat     downbeat       beat	
________________________________________________________________________
 1.1    -27.5        N/A (10)                       N/A (20)        N/A
 1.2    -29.1                                                      -1.7
 2.1    -24.0                       N/A (8)         3.5 (17)        5.2
 2.2    -19.1                                                       4.8
 3.1    -16.6        10.9 (5)                       7.4 (7)         2.6
 3.2    -24.9                                                      -8.4
 4.1    -24.3                      -0.4 (9)        -7.8 (18)        0.6
 4.2    -24.4                                                      -0.1
 5.1    -17.5        -0.9 (7)                       6.9 (9)         7.0
 5.2    -26.8                                                      -9.4
 6.1    -19.2                       5.1 (6)        -1.7 (13)        7.6
 6.2    -14.0                                                       5.2
 7.1    -13.7         3.7 (4)                       5.5 (6)         0.2
 7.2    -26.7                                                     -13.0
 8.1    -24.4                      -5.2 (10)      -10.7 (19)        2.3
 8.2    -21.2                                                       3.2
 9.1    -22.9        -9.2 (9)                       1.5 (16)       -1.7
 9.2    -28.7                                                      -5.8
10.1    -17.8                       6.6 (3)         5.1 (10)       10.9
10.2    -20.1                                                      -2.3
11.1    -20.4         2.5 (8)                      -2.6 (14)       -0.3
11.2    -22.1                                                      -1.7
12.1    -18.9                      -1.1 (5)         1.5 (12)        3.2
12.2    -18.1                                                       0.8
13.1    -17.2         3.2 (6)                       1.7 (8)         1.0
13.2    -16.7                                                       0.5
14.1    -22.8                      -3.9 (7)        -5.6 (15)       -6.1
14.2    -11.7                                                      11.0
15.1    -12.5         4.7 (3)                      10.3 (5)        -0.8
15.2    -13.5                                                      -1.0
16.1    -18.1                       4.6 (4)        -5.6 (11)       -4.6
16.2     -6.2                                                      11.9
17.1      0          12.5 (1)                      18.1 (1)         6.2
17.2     -7.4                                                      -7.4
18.1     -5.3                      12.8 (2)        -5.3 (4)         2.1
18.2     -5.4                                                      -0.1
19.1     -2.7        -2.7 (2)                       2.6 (3)         2.7
19.2     -2.3                                                       0.3
20.1     -1.5                       3.8 (1)         1.2 (2)         0.8