Dissertation Index
Author: Baysal, Ozan Title: Phrase Rhythm and Time in Beste-i Kadims - A Cyclical Approach Institution: Istanbul Technical University Begun: September 2008 Completed: October 2011 Abstract: The following thesis will propose an account of alternative approach for Turkish Makam Music analysis. The applied methodologies have two common perspectives; first their multi-dimensional and holistic approaches to music, and second their theoretical basis lying on human perception rather than any pre-supposed musico-theoretical moulds. In addition to this, different notational representations, how they affect our perception of music and influence the building of our conceptual frameworks will also be considered - as building a new analytical model might also require us to change our perspectives and eventually deconstruct the current notational practices. The aim for such an alternative analysis model is to reveal some of the important musical events, including seyir-usûl relationships, that might have gone unnoticed with current analysis practices. The analyzed musical examples will mainly be based on the three Beste-i Kadim Mevleyi Ayin’s, namely Pençgah, Dügah and Hüseyni; as these are the oldest examples of their genre and were taken as examplary models for the later repertoire. The analyses derived from the built model will show that such alternative approaches should be considered in makam music analysis and pedagogy as not only they display important musical events about the general rhythmic flow of the music, but also reveal some flaws and the erroneous implications in todays adapted notational practices. Thus, a circular representation model of the rhythmic cycles - that is derived from the earlier models – will be reconstructed and proposed as a complementary tool for analysis and teaching, along with other suggestions on notation. Phrase-groupings mapped on these updated circular models will show how the phrasings are distributed on/and among cycles, and unveil the relation of phrasing structures with rhythmic structures, the phenomenal and structural accents, and the focal points of a piece. Further topics including Islamic aesthetics & philosophy related to the findings of this research will also be outlined. Keywords: Prolongational Analysis, Mevlevi Ayin, Beste-i Kadim, Rhythmic Cycles, Makam TOC: FOREWORD ix TABLE OF CONTENTS xi ABBREVIATIONS xiii LIST OF FIGURES xv SUMMARY xix ÖZET xxi 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background & Problem 1 1.2 Purpose 2 1.3 Mevlevi Ayins & Beste-i Kadims 6 2. CORPUS – PROLONGATIONAL METHODOLOGIES 9 3. PRELIMINARY ATTEMPTS FOR BUILDING A MODEL 31 3.1 Du Loir’s transcription of “Ey ki Hezar Aferin†31 3.2 “Son Yürük Semai†35 3.3 Excerpt from the “First Selam – Pençgah Mevlevi Ayini†39 3.4 Külliyat, cycles and different perspectives on Time 55 3.5 Revising Circular Representations & Cyclical Analysis Model 62 4. FURTHER ANALYSIS & DISCUSSIONS 75 4.1 Prolongational Reduction & “Shadows†of the Seyir 75 4.2 Layered Approaches to Melody & Rhythm: Seyir vs. Usüls 81 4.3 Comparative Relations at Micro-Levels & Possible Architectural Strategies 82 4.4 Phrase Rhythm & Time Relations across/within cycles 88 4. CONCLUSION 95 REFERENCES 99 APPENDICES 105 Contact: ozanbaysal@yahoo.com |